LIFE IN MADINAH

Battle of Hunain

On Shawwal, the nineteenth, the captive day, the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] left Makkah
accompanied by twelve thousand Muslims. Ten thousand of those had previously shared
in Makkah Conquest. A great number of the other two thousand, who were Makkans,
had recently embraced Islam. That march was on the nineteenth day of his conquest to
Makkah.

On their way to Hunain they saw a great green Nabk plant, that was called Dhat-Anwat
(the one with suspenders). That was because the Arabs used to hang their weapons on
it, slay beasts under it and keep to it. Seeing how great in number the army was, some of
them said: "We shall not be defeated." Their statement sounded hard upon the Messenger
of Allah [pbuh].
On Wednesday night the tenth of Shawwal, the Muslim army arrived at Hunain. At early
dawn the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] started mobilizing his army and distributing posts
and flags to people. In the dark and just before dawn the Muslims moved towards Hunain
Valley.
The Messenger of Allah [pbuh] orde
r — who was a sonorous voiced
man — to call out on the followers. As loudly as he could, Al-‘Abbas shouted: "Where are
the lancers?" "By Allah," Al-‘Abbas said, "Upon hearing my voice calling them back, they
turned round to the battlefield as if they had been oryxes (wild cows) tending towards
their calves."
"Here we are, at your service. Here we are."[Sahih Muslim 2/100] They said. There you
see them trying to stop their camels and reverse to the battle.
Those who were called out upon next were Al-Ansar, the Helpers, "O, folks of Al-Ansar!
Folks of Al-Ansar!"
The last group to be called out upon were Bani Al-Harith bin Al-Khazraj. Muslims
battalions poured successively into the battlefield in the same manner that they had left
it. The stamina of both parties was superb. Both of them stoodfast and fought fiercely.
The Messenger of Allah [pbuh] was so eagerly and furiously watching the battle that he
said:
"Now the fight has grown fierce."
Picking up a handful of earth, he hurled it at their faces while saying:
"May your faces be shameful."
Their eyes were thick with dust and the enemy began to retreat in utter confusion.
Few hours had elapsed since the earth-handful was hurled at the enemy’s faces, when
they were shatteringly defeated. About seventy men of Thaqif alone were killed, and the
Muslims plundered all their riding camels, weapons and cattle.
Allah, Glory is to Him, alluded to this sudden change in the Qur’ân when He said:
"…and on the Day of Hunain (battle) when you rejoiced at your great number but it
availed you naught and the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for you, then you turned

of Makkah was considered a decisive one between
the truth and the error. As a res
back in flight. Then Allah did send down His Sakinah (calmness, tranquillity, and
reassurance, etc.) on the Messenger (Muhammad [pbuh]) and on the believers, and
sent down forces (angels) which you saw not, and punished the disbelievers. Such is the
recompense of disbelievers." [Al-Qur'an 9:25,26]

Tabuk Expedition in Rajab, in the Year 9 A.H.

The invasion and the conquest
 ult of which, the Arabs had no more doubt in Hazrat
Muhammad (SAWS)’s mission.
The Byzantine power, which was considered the greatest military force on earth at that
time, showed an unjustifiable opposition towards Muslims. Caesar — who could neither
ignore the great benefit that Mu’tah Battle had brought to Muslims, nor could he disregard
the Arab tribes’ expectations of independence. The underlying reasons the Byzantine
power, which was considered the greatest military force on earth at that time, showed an
unjustifiable opposition towards Muslims. As we have already mentioned, their opposition

Al-Harith bin ‘Umair
started at killing the ambassador of the Messenger of Allah [pbuh]
,

l-Azdi, by Sharhabeel bin ‘Amr Al-Ghassani. The ambassador was then carrying a


Amessage from the Prophet [pbuh] to the ruler of Busra. We have also stated that the
Prophet consequently dispatched a brigade under the command of Zaid bin Haritha, who

have revenge on those haughty overproud tyrants, the confrontation itself had a grea
had a fierce fight against the Byzantines at Mu’tah. Although Muslim forces could no
tt
impression on the Arabs, all over Arabia.
Caesar — who could neither ignore the great benefit that Mu’tah Battle had brought to

nd reign, nor he could ignore their alliance to
the Muslims — realizing all that, Caesar
Muslims, nor could he disregard the Arab tribes’ expectations of independence, and their
hopes of getting free from his influence 
a was aware of the progressive danger threatening
his borders, especially Ash-Sham-fronts which were neighbouring Arab lands. So he
concluded that demolition of the Muslims power had grown an urgent necessity. This

army of the Byzantines and pro-Roman
Ghassanide tribes to launch a decisive bloody battle
decision of his should, in his opinion, be achieved before the Muslims become too powerful
to conquer, and raise troubles and unrest in the adjacent Arab territories.
To meet these exigencies, Caesar mustered a hug
e against the Muslims.
The Prophet [pbuh] had taken an oath to stay off his wives for a month in the ninth year
of Al-Hijra. Therefore, he deserted them and kept off in a private place.
Upon accomplishing the equipment of the army, the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] ordained

ed the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] and caught up with him. But the Prophet made ‘Ali
that Muhammad bin Maslamah Al-Ansari should be appointed over Madinah — in another
version Siba‘ bin ‘Arftah. To ‘Ali bin Abu Talib he entrusted his family’s safety and affairs
and ordered him to stay with them. This move made the hypocrites undervalue ‘Ali, so he
follo
w
turn back to Madinah after saying: "Would it not suffice you to be my successor in the way
that Aaron (Harun) was to Moses’?" Then he proceeded saying: "But no Prophet succeeds
me."
On Thursday, the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] marched northwards to Tabuk. The army that
numbered thirty thousand fighters was a great one, when compared with the previous

nor perform the ablution with it. The dough they made, he asked them to fee
armies of Islam. Muslims had never marched with such a great number before.
On their way to Tabuk, the army of Islam passed by Al-Hijr — which was the native land
of Thamud who cut out (huge) rocks in the valley; that is "Al-Qura Valley" of today. They
watered from its well but later the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] told them not to drink of
that water,
 d
their camels with. He forbade them to eat anything whatsoever of it. As an alternative he
told them to water from that well which Prophet Salih’s she-camel used to water from.
On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar: "Upon passing by Al-Hijr the Prophet [pbuh] said:
"Do not enter the houses of those who erred themselves lest what had happened to them

stand up. Whoever has a camel
should tie it up.’ Later on when the strong wind blew, one
would afflict you, but if you had to do such a thing let it be associated with weeping."
Then he raised his head up and accelerated his strides till he passed the valley out."
[Sahih Al-Bukhari 2/637]
On the way to Tabuk, or as soon as they reached Tabuk, the Messenger of Allah [pbuh]
said: ‘Severe wind will blow tonight, so none of you should
  of the men stood up and the
wind carried him away to Tai’ Mountain. [ibid. Sahih Muslim 2/246]
Arriving at Tabuk and camping there, the Muslim army was ready to face the enemy.
There, the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] delivered an eloquent speech that included the most

inclusive words. In that speech he urged the Muslims to seek the welfare of this world and

rsemen to ‘Ukaidir Dumat Al-Jandal and said to him: "You will see
him hunting oryxes
the world to come. He warned and cherished them and gave them good tidings. By doing
that he cherished those who were broken in spirits, and blocked up the gap of shortage
and mess they were suffering from due to lack of supplies, food and other substances.
The Messenger of Allah [pbuh] dispatched Khalid bin Al-Waleed at the head of four
hundred and fifty h
o." So when Khalid drew near his castle and was as far as an eye-sight
range, he saw the oryxes coming out rubbing their horns against the castle gate. As it
was a moony night Khalid could see Ukaidir come out to hunt them, so he captured him —
though he was surrounded by his men — and brought him back to the Messenger of Allah
[pbuh], who spared his life and made peace with him for the payment of two thousand

and fro. Tabuk Invasion was the last one made by the
Prophet [pbuh]. The effect of thi
camels, eight hundred heads of cattle, four hundred armours and four hundred lances. He
obliged him to recognize the duty of paying tribute and charged him with collecting it from
Dumat, Tabuk, Ailah and Taima’.
The Messenger of Allah [pbuh] ’s march to Tabuk was in Rajab and his return in Ramadan.
So we see that this Ghazwah took fifty days, twenty days of which were spent in Tabuk
and the others on the way t
os invasion is great as regards extending and confirming
the Muslims’ influence and domination on the Arabian Peninsula. It was quite obvious to
everybody that no power but Islam’s would live long among the Arabs.

The Farewell Pilgrimage

After the accomplishment of the Call, the proclamation of the Message and the
establishment of a new society on the basis of ‘There is no god but Allah,’ and on
Muhammad’s mission, a secret call up rose in the heart of the Messenger of Allah
[pbuh] telling him that his stay in the L
out to terminate. That was
clear in his talk to Mu‘adh whom he had dispatched to Yemen in the tenth year of Al-
Hijra: "O, Mu‘adh! You may not see me after this current year. You may even pass by
this very Mosque of mine and my tomb." Upon hearing that Mu‘adh cried for fear that
he would part with the Messenger of Allah [pbuh].
Allah’s care was so bounteous as to let the Prophet [pbuh] see the fruits of his Call
for the sake of which he suffered various sorts of trouble for over twenty years. Those

nah, all of whom
seek the guidance and Imamate of the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] i
twenty years had elapsed actively. He used to spend his last days meeting, at the
outskirts of Makkah, members of tribes and their representatives who used to consult
him and learn the laws and legislation of Islam from him, and in return he used to
exact their testimony that he had delivered trust and communicated the Message and
counselled the people.
The Messenger of Allah [pbuh] announced an intention to proceed with this blessed
pilgrimage journey himself. Enormous crowds of people came to Mad
in the pilgrimage
(Al-Hajj). When it was a morning he said to his Companions:
"A comer, sent by
my Lord, has called on me tonight and said: ‘Pray in this blessed valley and say: I
intend ‘Umrah combined with pilgrimage (‘Umrah into Al-Hajj).[Sahih Al-Bukhari]
Before performing the noon prayer, he bathed for Ihram (ritual consecration),
and ‘Aishah [R] perfumed him on both his body and head with her hand with a Dharira
(a plant) and with a perfume containing musk. The thick sticky layer of perfume could

n prayer. He had a bath on
Sunday morning, the fourth of Dhul-Hijjah the tenth yea
be seen among his parts of hair and beard. He left it unwashed, wore his loincloth
and garment. He performed the noon prayer shortened, two Rak‘a. He proclaimed
pilgrimage procedure associated with ‘Umrah at his prayer-place. He, then mounted
his she-camel ‘Al-Qaswa’, and proclaimed: ‘There is no god but Allah’. When he moved
into the desert, he acclaimed the Name of Allah.
He proceeded with his journey till he approached Makkah. He spent the night at
Dhi Tuwa and entered Makkah after performing the da
wr of Al-Hijra. He spent eight
days on the way, which was an average period. As soon as he entered Al-Haram
Mosque he circumambulated Al-Ka‘bah and walked to and fro (Sa‘i) between As-Safa
and Al-Marwah. He did not finish the Ihram (ritual consecration) because he was
Qarin (i.e. intending ‘Umrah and Al-Hajj associated). He then took Al-Hadi (i.e. the
sacrificial animals) in order to slaughter them. He camped on a high place of Makkah
— Al-Hajun. As for circumambulation, he performed only that of Al-Hajj (pilgrimage
circumambulation).

hram. On hearing
these words, his Companions obeyed the orders to the latter
Those of his Companions who had no Hadi with them to sacrifice, were ordered
to observe Ihram (i.e. the state of ritual consecration) into ‘Umrah (i.e. lesser
pilgrimage), and circumambulate Al-Ka‘bah and stride ritually to and fro between
As-Safa and Al-Marwah. After that they could relieve themselves from Ihram.
They, however, showed reluctance to do what they had been told. Thereupon, the
Messenger of Allah [pbuh] said: "Had I known beforehand what I knew afterward,
I would not bring Hadi, and if I did not have Hadi, I would break 
I.
On the eighth day of Dhul-Hijjah — that is the Day of Tarwiyah, he left for Mina where
he performed the noon, the afternoon, the sunset, the evening and the dawn prayers.
— i.e. five prayers. Then he stayed for a while till the sun rose up then he passed along
till he reached ‘Arafah, where there was a tent built for him at Namirah. He sat inside
till the sun went down. He ordered that Al-Qaswa’, his she-camel, should be prepared
for him. They saddled it and had it ready, so he went down the valley where a hundred
thousand and twenty-four or forty-four thousand people gathered round him. There he


norance (pre-Islamic time) are remitted. The
stood up and delivered the following speech:
" O people! Listen to what I say. I do not know whether I will ever meet you at this
place once again after this current year. [Ibn Hisham 2/603] It is unlawful for you
to shed the blood of one another or take (unlawfully) the fortunes of one another.
They are as unlawful, (Haram) as shedding blood on such a day as today and in such
a month as this Haram month and in such a sanctified city as this sacred city (i.e.
Makkah and the surrounding areas)."
"Behold! all practices of paganism and ignorance are now under my feet. The blood-
revenge of the Days of I
g first claim on
blood I abolish is that of Ibn Rabi‘a bin Harith who was nursed in the tribe of Sa‘d
and whom Hudhail killed. Usury is forbidden, and I make a beginning by remitting
the amount of interest which ‘Abbas bin ‘Abdul Muttalib has to receive. Verily, it is
remitted entirely."
"O people! Fear Allah concerning women. Verily you have taken them on the security
of Allah and have made their persons lawful unto you by Words of Allah! It is
incumbent upon them to honour their conjugal rights and, not to commit acts of
impropriety which, if they do, you have authority to chastise them, yet not severely.

had accomplished delivering the speech, the following
Qur’ânic verse was revealed to
If your wives refrain from impropriety and are faithful to you, clothe and feed them
suitably."
"Verily, I have left amongst you the Book of Allah and the Sunnah (Traditions) of His
Messenger which if you hold fast, you shall never go astray." [Sahih Muslim 1/397]
"And if you were asked about me, what wanted you to say?"
They replied:
"We bear witness that you have conveyed the message and discharged your ministry."
He then raised his forefinger skywards and then moved it down towards people while
saying:
"O Allah, Bear witness." He said that phrase thrice. [Sahih Muslim 1/397]
As soon as the Prophet [pbuh]
  him:
"This day I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favour upon you, and
have chosen for you Islam as your religion." [Al-Qur'an 5:3]
Upon hearing this verse ‘Umar cried. "What makes you cry?" He was asked. His
answer was: "Nothing succeeds perfection but imperfection." [Rahmat-ul-lil'alameen
1/265]
Bilal called for prayer after the speech, and then made the second call. The Prophet
[pbuh] performed both of the noon and the afternoon prayers separately, with no
prayers in between. He then mounted his she-camel Al-Qaswa’, approached the
location of the vigil, directed his face towards Al-Qiblah, kept on standing till sunset

re
the sun rose high, he made his way to Mina. He walked a little and threaded
when the sky yellow colour vanished a bit and the disc of the sun disappeared.
Osamah added that the Prophet [pbuh]moved onward to Muzdalifa. where he
observed the sunset and the evening prayers with one ‘First call’ and two ‘second
calls’. He did not entertain the Glory of Allah between the two prayers. Then he lay
down till it was dawn prayer time. He performed it with one first call and one second
call at almost daybreak time. Mounting on his Al-Qaswa’, he moved towards Al-
Mash‘ar Al-Haram. He faced Al-Qiblah and started supplicating: "Allah is the Greatest.
There is no god but Allah." He remained there till it was clear morning and bef
o the
mid-road leading to the big Jamrah where he stopped and pelted seven pebbles at it
saying "Allah is the Greatest" each time. They were like small pebbles hurled from the
bottom of the valley. Then he set off to the sacrificial place, where he sacrificed sixty-
three camels with his hands, and asked ‘Ali to slaughter the others, a hundred and
thirty-seven altogether. He made ‘Ali share him in Al-Hadi. A piece of meat from each
slaughtered animal was ordered to be cooked in a pot and from which both men ate,
and drank the soup.
Then the Messenger of Allah [pbuh] mounted his she-camel and returned to the House
where he observed the noon prayer at Makkah and there he came upon the children


reported a
version narrated by Abi Bakrah who said:
The Prophet [pbuh] made a speec
of ‘Abdul Muttalib were supplying drinking water to people at Zamzam Well. "Draw up
water, children of ‘Abdul Muttalib, I would draw up with you if I were not afraid that
people would appropriate this honour after me." They handed him a pail of water and
he drank to his fill. [Sahih Muslim 1/397-400]
At the daytime of the tenth of Dhul-Hijjah on the Slaughtering Day (Yaum An-Nahr)
The Prophet [pbuh] delivered another speech. That was at high time morning, while
he was mounting a grey mule. ‘Ali conveyed his statements to the people, who were
standing or sitting. [Abu Da'ud 1/270] He repeated some of the statements that he
had previously said the day before. The two Sheikh (Bukhâri and Muslim)
 h on Yaum An-Nahr (day of slaughtering) and said:
"Time has grown similar in form and state to the time when Allah created the heavens
and the earth. A year is twelve months. Four of which are Sacred Months (Hurum).
Three of the four months are successive. They are Dhul-Qa‘dah, Dhul-Hijjah, and
Al-Muharram. The fourth Month is Rajab Mudar, which comes between Jumada and
Sha‘ban."
"What month is this month?" He asked. We said: "Allah and His Messenger know
best of all." He kept silent for a while till we thought he would attach to it a different
appellation. "Is it not Dhul-Hijjah?" He wondered. "Yes. It is." We said. Then he
asked, "What is this town called?" We said: "Allah and His Messenger know best of

(after death) to your Lord. There you will be
accounted for your deeds. So do not turn
all." He was silent for a while till we thought he would give it a different name. "Is
it not Al-Baldah? (i.e. the town)" asked he. "Yes. It is." We replied. Then he asked
again, "What day is it today?" We replied: "Allah and His Messenger know best of
all." Then he kept silent for a while and said wondering: "Is it not ‘An-Nahr’ (i.e.
slaughtering) Day?" "Yes. It is." Said we. Then he said: "(Shedding) the blood of one
another and eating or taking one another’s provisions (unwillingly) and your honour
are all inviolable (Haram). It is unlawful to violate their holiness. They must be as
sacred to one another as this sacred day, in this sacred month, in this sacred town."
"You will go back to be resurrected
  into people who go astray and kill one
another."
"Have I not delivered the Message (of my Lord)?" "Yes you have." Said they. "O Allah!
Bear witness! Let him that is present convey it unto him who is absent. For haply,
many people to whom the Message is conveyed may be more mindful of it than the
audience,." said he. [Sahih Al-Bukhari 1/234]
The Messenger of Allah [pbuh] spent At-Tashreeq Days (11th, 12th and 13th of
Dhul-Hijjah) in Mina performing the ritual teachings of Islam, remembering Allah
(praying), following the ways of guidance of Ibrahim, wiping out all traces and
features or polytheism. His speech that day was similar to that of An-Nahr Day’s. It
was made after the revelation of Surat An-Nasr.
On the second day of An-Nafr (i.e. Departure) — on the thirteenth of Dhul-Hijjah,

theirs, who embraced
Islam. Killing Farwah bin ‘Amr Al-Judhami, who was their ag
the Prophet [pbuh] proceeded with An-Nafr to Mina and stayed at a high place of a
mountain side at Bani Kinanah from Al-Abtah. He spent the rest of that day and night
there — where he performed the noon, the afternoon, the sunset and the evening
prayers.
Then he slept for a short while and mounted leaving for the Ka‘bah. He performed the
Farewell Circumambulation (Tawaf Al-Wada‘), after ordering his Companions to do the
same thing. Upon the accomplishment of his religious rituals he quickened his move
to the purified Madinah. He went there not to seek rest but to resume the strife and
struggle in the way of Allah. [Sahih Al-Bukhari]



The Departure of Prophet (SAWS) from this World

On Monday the twenty-ninth of Safar in the eleventh year of Al-Hijra, he participated


five days before he died the Prophet’s temperature rose so high
signalling the severe
in funeral rites in Al-Baqee‘. On the way back he had a headache, his temperature rose
so high that the heat effect could be felt over his headband.
He led the Muslims in prayer for eleven days though he was sick. The total number of
his sick days were either thirteen or fourteen.
When his sickness grew severe he asked his wives: "Where shall I stay
tomorrow?" "Where shall I stay?" They understood what he wanted. So they allowed
him to stay wherever he wished. He moved to ‘Aishah’s room leaning — while he was
walking — on Al-Fadl bin Al-‘Abbas and ‘Ali bin Abi Talib. Head banded as he was, he
dragged his feet till he came into her abode. It was there that he spent the last week
of his life.
During that period, ‘Aishah used to recite Al-Mu‘awwidhat (Chapters 113 and 114 of
the Qur’ân) and other supplications which he had already taught her.
On Wednesday
,ness of his disease. He fainted and suffered from pain. "Pour out
on me seven Qirab (water skin pots) of various water wells so that I may go out to
meet people and talk to them." So they seated him in a container (usually used for
washing) and poured out water on him till he said: "That is enough. That is enough."

Then he felt well enough to enter the Mosque. He entered it band-headed, sat on the
pulpit and made a speech to the people who were gathering together around him. He
said:
"The curse of Allâh falls upon the Jews and Christians for they have made their
Prophets’ tombs places of worship." [Sahih Al-Bukhari 1/62; Mustta' Imam Malik
p.360]
Then he said:
"Do not make my tomb a worshipped idol." [Muatta' Imam Malik p.65]
Then he offered himself and invited the people to repay any injuries he might have
inflicted on them, saying:
"He whom I have ever lashed his back, I offer him my back so that he may avenge

ator said that he had forgotten it. It could have
been adherence to the Holy Bo
himself on me. He whom I have ever blasphemed his honour, here I am offering my
honour so that he may avenge himself."
On Thursday, four days before the death of the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh], he said to
people—though he was suffering from a severe pain: "Come here. I will cause you to
write something so that you will never fall into error." Upon this ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab
said: "The Prophet of Allâh [pbuh] is suffering from acute pain and you have the
Qur’ân with you; the Book of Allâh is sufficient unto you." Others however wanted the
writing to be made. When Muhammad [pbuh] heard them debating over it, he ordered
them to go away and leave him alone. [Sahih Al-Bukhari 2/637]
That day he recommended three things:
Jews, Christians and polytheists should be expelled out of Arabia.
He recommended that delegations should be honoured and entertained, in a way
similar to the one he used to do.
As for the third — the nar
rok and the Sunnah. It was likely to be the
accomplishment and the mobilization of Osamah’s army, or it could have been
performance of prayers and being attentive to slaves.
On Saturday or on Sunday, the Prophet [pbuh] felt that he was well enough to
perform the prayer; so he went out leaning on two men in order to perform the noon
prayer. Abu Bakr, who was then about to lead the prayer withdrew when he saw
him coming; but the Prophet [pbuh] made him a gesture to stay where he was and
said: "Seat me next to him." They seated him on the left hand side of Abu Bakr. The
Prophet [pbuh] led the prayer, and Abu Bakr followed him and raised his voice at
every ‘Allâhu Akbar’ (i.e. Allâh is the Greatest) the Prophet [pbuh] said, so that the
people may hear clearly. [Sahih Al-Bukhari 1/98,99]
On Sunday, a day before he died, the Prophet [pbuh] set his slaves free, paid as a
charity the seven Dinars he owned and gave his weapons as a present to the Muslims.

gave Fatimah glad tidings that she would become the lady of all women of the
wor
So when night fell ‘Aishah had to borrow some oil from her neighbour to light her
oil-lantern. Even his armour was mortgaged as a security with a Jew for thirty Sa‘ (a
cubic measure) of barley.
In a narration by Anas bin Malik, he said: "While the Muslims were performing the
dawn prayer on Monday — led by Abu Bakr, they were surprised to see the Messenger
of Allâh [pbuh] raising the curtain of ‘Aishah’s room. He looked at them while they
were praying aligned properly and smiled cheerfully. Seeing him, Abu Bakr withdrew
to join the lines and give way to him to lead the prayer. For he thought that the
Prophet [pbuh] wanted to go out and pray." Anas said: "The Muslims, who were
praying, were so delighted that they were almost too enraptured at their prayers. The
Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] made them a gesture to continue their prayer, went into
the room and drew down the curtain." [The Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] did not live for
the next prayer time.
H
eld. [Rahmat-ul-lil'alameen 1/282] .
After the Prayer of Dawn of Monday, the 12th Rabbi ul Awwal 11A.H. (632AD),
When the pangs of death started, ‘Aishah leant him against her. She used to say:
One of Allâh’s bounties upon me is that the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] died in my

house, while I am still alive. He died between my chest and neck while he was leaning
against me. Allâh has mixed his saliva with mine at his death. For ‘Abdur Rahman —
the son of Abu Bakr — came in with a Siwak (i.e. the root of a desert plant used for
brushing teeth) in his hand, while I was leaning the Messenger of Allâh [pbuh] against
me. I noticed that he was looking at the Siwak, so I asked him — for I knew that he
wanted it — "Would you like me to take it for you?" He nodded in agreement. I took it
and gave it to him. As it was too hard for him, I asked him "Shall I soften it for you?"
He nodded in agreement. So I softened it with my saliva and he passed it (on his
teeth).


People entered the room ten by ten. They prayed for the Prophet [pbuh]. The first to
pray for him were people of his clan. Then the Emigrants, then the Helpers. Women


prayed for him after men. The young were the last to pray.