Q:Explain the main events during Prophets migration to Madinah?

Events took place during Migration

After the pledges of Aqabah family after family left for Medina. When the Quraish came to know about this, they increased their persecutions on Prophet( PBUH) and his followers. Meanwhile all the companions of Holy Prophet(PBUH) except Hazrat Abu Bakr(R.A) and Hazrat Ali(R.A) succeeded in migration to Medina.

The Quraish held a meeting in which they decided that one person from each tribe would be selected and that they would simultaneously attack the Holy Prophet(PBUH) and (God forbid) kill him. The Holy Prophet(PBUH) was informed of this plan by Allah and was told to leave Makkah that same night:

”Remember how the unbeliever plotted against thee, to keep you in bonds, or slay you, or to get out of your home. They plot and plan and Allah too plans, but the best of planners is Allah.”

The Holy Prophet(PBUH) asked Hazrat Ali(R.A) to sleep on his bed and to return valueables entrusted to Prophet (PBUH) by various people. Prophet (PBUH) came out from the house with Allah’s protection at his side, cast a handful of dust at the disbelievers and made his way through them while reciting the verses of Surah Yasin:

“And We have put a barrier before them and barrier behind them and We have covered them up so that can not see.”

In the morning, when Hazrat Ali (R.A) rose up, he was enquired about Prophet (PBUH) and he explained to them that he did not know himself. This situation stunned Quraish. Prophet (PBUH) was led by Abu Bakr (R.A) to cave of Saur instead of the way to Medina. After reaching, Prophet (PBUH) laid his head on the lap of Abu Bakr (R.A) and fell asleep. Meanwhile, a snake appeared before them and Abu Bakr (R.A) put his foot on the mouth of the hole from where the snake emerged and it stung Abu Bakr (R.A) on it. Due to severe pain, tears fell from his eyes to Prophet’s (PBUH) face which woke him. He then applied his saliva on the foot of Abu Bakr (R.A) and the pain disappeared. On the other hand, Makkans used all their strength and wisdom to track them down. One day, they succuessfuly reached the mouth of cave and Abu Bakr (R.A) got frightened. Prophet (PBUH) said:

“Abu Bakr silence! What do you think of those to with whom the third is Allah?”

When the Makkans saw the cave, they turned around because the entrance was covered with a cob web and there was a pair of piegons on the threshold. This happened miracolously and it convinced the Makkans that the cave was empty when they saw the branches of tree that covered the mouth of the cave nearby. After this incident, they departed from the cave and continued their journey.

Meanwhile, Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) saw two isolated tents. There lived an old woman who had a goat which could not give milk. Prophet (PBUH) touched its udder and it begun to provide milk. The party then refreshed by drinking milk and set to their journey to Medina. Afterwards, Prophet (PBUH) met Buraidah bin al-Husaib and about 80 other men. All of them accepted Islam and performed Salah with Prophet (PBUH) and Abu Bakr (R.A).

On 8th Rabi ul-Awal, 14th year of Prophethood, Prophet (PBUH) reached Quba. They established the first Islamic mosque and also met Hazrat Ali (R.A) there. The Muslims of Medina anxiously waited for Prophet (PBUH) but the heat of the day forced them to return. One day a Jew climbed up to roof of a fort and saw the Prophet’s (PBUH) caravan, dressed in white. He shouted about it and Muslims emerged from their houses and received Holy Prophet (PBUH) with a great welcome. Prophet (PBUH) kept quite while Allah revealed:

“Allah certainly is his patron. Besides Jibrael (R.A), the righteous believers and the angels are his helpers.”

LIFE IN MAKKAH

ANCESTORS:



Ahmed–e-Mujtaba MUHAMMAD Mustafa (SAWS) belonged to a noble family
of Quraish a
Ahmed–e-Mujtaba MUHAMMAD Mustafa (SAWS) belonged to a noble family
of Quraish a
Holy Prophet nd as a descendant of Hazrat Ibrahim (AS). Hazrat MUHAMMAD (SAWS) was
azrat Ismail (AS)
was settled in Hijaz- Arabia. One of them was known as FIHR (Quraish) 
the direct descendant of Hazrat Ismail (AS). One of the descendant of Hwhere as oneof his descendant became the custodian of the key of Ka’abah and known as QUSSAI.
 Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS) named Hazrat Abdul Muttalib belonged to Banu
Hashim. He h
The grandson of Qussai was named as Hashim (his family was known as Banu Hashim).Grandfather ofad 7 sons. One of them was Hazrat Abdullah, the father of Prophet (SAWS).
HAZRAT ABDUL MUTTALIB:

g 7 sons was settled in Makkah as the custodian of the key of Ka’abah.
He was pro
g 7 sons was settled in Makkah as the custodian of the key of Ka’abah.
He was pro
The grandfather of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS) named Hazrat Abdul Muttalib belonged toBanu Hashim, havinminent for the following THREE reasons:• Restoration of the fountain of ZamZam• Courageous Dialogue with Abraha (Christian Viceroy of Yemen)
 to Bibi Aminah (the
daughter of Wahab) but died before the
• Bringing up of his orphan grandson Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS)
HAZRAT ABDULLAH:
Hazrat Abdullah was the father of Holy Prophet (SAWS) who married birth of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS) in 570 C.E.and left a few Camels, Goats and a slave girl Umme Aiman in heritance.
BIRTH & EARLY LIFE OF HOLY PROPHET (SAWS):

ied
before his birth.
IMPORTANCE OF THE NAME:
His mother called him Ahmed a
ied
before his birth.
IMPORTANCE OF THE NAME:
His mother called him Ahmed a
Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS) was born on 12 Rabi` al-Awwal 570 C.E. in Makkah His
father, `Abdullah Ibn `Abdul Muttalib of the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraish tribe, dnd his grandfathernamed him MUHAMMAD (SAWS) and clarified:“ I have named him Muhammad so thathis name may be praised on the earth and in the heavens.”
nowledged the claim of
Qur’an.
His name is the compulsory part of Kalimah without which 
Later (after 1422 years approx.) a book of a world renowned (a non-Muslim) writer of thepersonalities ranked him the Best Personality of the World and ackno one can enter in the circleof Islam. His name is the part of Aaza’an (Call for Prayers). The importance of his name’sblessings is also related with the incident of the reason of restoration of Heaven for
as a part
of custom. She handed over him to his m
Hazrat Adam (AS)- the father of the human beings.He was born as an orphan, therefore, had a very simple nature, honest and lovingpersonality. After the birth, he was given in the charge of Bibi Halima Saadia other and took him to the grave of his father. Atreturn his mother fell ill and died at Abwa when he was only of 6 years.Hazrat Abdul Muttalib, his grandfather took over the charge of upbringing of Hazrat
y Prophet SAWS)
took over the charge of Holy Prophet (PBUH) and gave him due love an
Muhammad (SAWS) and opposed practically the tradition of orphan’s beggar use. But hedied when Holy Prophet (PBUH) was only 8 years old.Then, Hazrat Abu Talib (a son of Hazrat Abdul Muttalib, an Uncle of Hold affection.At the age of 9 years, Holy Prophet (PBUH) began to show signs of an intelligent andinquisition mind by helping elders in a battlefield.At the age of 12 years, Holy Prophet (PBUH) proved himself as an honest, truthful and
het (PBUH) had a feel of frustration on the condition of Arabs/Arabia because
Arab
righteous person in a mercantile journey to Syria with his uncle Hazrat Abu Talib.Therefore, he was titled as al Sadiq and al Ameen in his 23 rd year of age.
{ 570 AD – 622 AD }
Frustration on the Conditions of Arabia/Arabs:
Holy Props had forgotten the message of the Creator completely. They (Arabs) were dealt inthe worst form of idolatry & the Ka’abah was full of idols. Drinking, gambling, cruelty andother vices were common. There was No settled government and No enforcement of Law
RAH (chaste) among the Makkans. She remained as
his sole wife till her death for Twenty 
in the region. Qur’an named and Holy Prophet (PBUH) called this age of Arabia as the Ageof Ignorance.
MARRIAGE TO HAZRAT KHADIJA (RAH):
Holy Prophet (PBUH) married to Hazrat Khadija (RAH) when he was 25 years and she wasof 40 years. She was known as TAHIfive years after her marriage.
FIXING OF BLACK STONE (HAJR-E-ASWAD):
Once, as a result of heavy rain, the walls of Ka’abah collapsed and had to bereconstructed. The 4 chiefs of Makkan’s tribes constructed the walls of Ka’abah. At thetime of Fixing Black Stone (Hajr-e-Aswad), a dispute arose among the chiefs of Makkah.
sted that he would
spread a cloth sheet on the floor and all of the present (4 chi
The dispute reached to bloodshed and then, a wise old man of Banu Ummayyah advisedthat the decision should be taken by a neutral person who would enter Ka’abah first thenext morning. Every body was agreed with this suggestion. Holy Prophet (PBUH) was thefirst person who entered in Ka’abah first the next morning. He suggeefs) would put the blackstonein the centre of the sheet and permit Muhammad (SAWS) to place it in the wall and theywould pick up the each corner of the sheet and would carry that sheet till its proper place.No one raised any objection. Thus he solved the matter. He was at the age of 35 years.
CALL TO PROPHETHOOD: [First year of Prophethood] 610 A.D.

…………………” (96:1-5)

Holy Prophet (PBUH) was frightened and wanted to know about the actu
…………………” (96:1-5)
Holy Prophet (PBUH) was frightened and wanted to know about the actu
When he reached to the age of 40 years and once he was sitting in Cave Hira, meditatingon the conditions of Arabia, an angel (Hazrat Gabriel AS) came before him and asked toRead, he replied that he was ummi (a person who did not get education in a school). Thethird time , angel hugged him and asked him to read as:
“Read in the name of Allah………………………………al fact of theincident, therefore, Hazrat Khadija (RAH) took him to her cousin Warqa Bin Naufal, aChristian Scholar who acknowledged that the Messenger was Hazrat Gabriel AS and HolyProphet (PBUH) was nominated as the Last Messenger of God.
START OF PREACHING: [2nd to 4th years of Prophethood] 611-613AD
A few months later, Prophet (SAWS) received another set of revelation containing the
ir opposition and persecution in the 5th year of Prophethood.
The cruelties of pagans f
message to ‘preach’ Islam & Qur’anic teachings by starting from the kinsfolk as said in26:214, 15:94 and 74:1-3 respectively.
Years of Bitter Opposition and Persecution
[5th & 6th Year of Prophethood] 614-616 AD
Pagans of Makkah assumed that the Muslim believers were against the faith of theirforefathers and were insulting their idols by rejecting their worship. Therefore, theyraised theor the followers of Islam become unbearable due to which HolyProphet (SAWS) advised his followers’ delegation of 15 [headed by Hazrat Jaffar Taiyyar(RA)] and an other delegation of 64 followers [headed by Hazrat Usman (RA)] to migrateto Abyssinia respectively.Hazrat Jaffar Taiyyar Radi Allahu Anhu (brother of Hazrat Ali Radi Allahu Anhu) gave asensational religious speech supported by the recitation of Surah Maryam (19: 1-21 and
u. They claimed & invited Muslims to offer prayer in Ka’abah and started
to offer it 
3:45-51) before the King of Abyssinia, Najashi (who was a Christian Emperor). After adetailed dialogue, Najashi favoured the Muslims and ordered pagans to go back and didnot return the Muslims.
YEAR OF MUSLIM STRENGTH: [6th year of Prophethood] 616 AD
The Muslims have got courage and strength with the consecutive events of embracingIslam by Hazrat Hamzah Radi Allahu Anhu (Uncle of Holy Prophet pbuh) and Hazrat UmarRadi Allahu Anhby themselves first.
YEARS OF BOYCOTT: [7th _ 9th year of Prophethood] 617-619 AD
All tribes of Quraish proclaimed a social and economic boycott of Banu Hashim inMakkah. It was announced in 7th year and lasted by themselves at the end of 9th year ofProphethood.
YEAR OF GRIEF: [10th year of Prophethood] 619-620 AD
In the 10th year of Prophethood, Hazrat Khadija Razi-Allahu-Anha (first wife of HolyProphet pbuh) and Hazrat Abu Talib (dear uncle of Holy Prophet pbuh) died one by one.
Surah Isra.
PLEDGES OF AQABAH: 620 – 622 AD
[ 11th , 12th & 13th Year of Prophetho
Later, Hazrat Sawdah Razi-Allahu-Anha and Hazrat Aisha Razi-Allahu-Anha got marriedwith Holy Prophet (SAWS) one by one.People of Taif invited Holy Prophet (SAWS) for preaching but he reached there they triedto insult him and injured him but Holy Prophet (SAWS) did not curse them and askedguidance for them.Almighty Allah liked his piety and called him for the holy journey of Mai’raj as it is partlydescribed in different Qur’anic passages such as worldly earth journey is indicated inod ]

S OF MAI’RAJ SHAREEF

Event is proved by Certified Ahadith of Sahih Muslim and Sahi
S OF MAI’RAJ SHAREEF
Event is proved by Certified Ahadith of Sahih Muslim and Sahi
Six persons of Khazraj (Yasrib) came to Prophet pbuh at Aqaba – Makkah and embracedIslam in 11th year of Prophethood.Meanwhile, Holy Prophet (SAWS) visited Taif on their invitation but when he reachedthere and started preaching Islamic teachings, they not only insulted him but injured himso cruelly that his shoes were filled with his blood. On this occasion, Allah (SWT) gave himan option to curse the people of Ta’if. But Holy Prophet (SAWS) prayed for their guidanceand forgiveness.
EVENTh Bukhariand the Holy Qur’an specially 17:1. Event was held on 27th Rajjab al Murrajab12th year of
Prophethood.Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS) was awakened by Hz. Jibraaiyl (AS) and told him that Allahhad conferred on him the unique honour of invitation to His Own Presence.Hz. Jibraaiyl (AS) opened the Holy Prophet (SAWS)’s breast, took out his heart , washedit with ZamZam and filled it with the Light (Nur) of Allah and then re-placed it in his body.Then took him on Buraq a unique birds qualitative animal brought from the heavensspecially for this auspicious holy journey.
as well. He saw there an angel
having half of his body of Fire and half of ice, 
Prophet(SAWS) proceeded to Masjid-e-Aqsa accompanied by Hazrat Jibraaiyl (AS) onBuraq. He said that the journey was of two steps only [it was recorded that a person couldtravel that journey in almost 90 days]. Reaching at Al Aqsa, he was welcomed by Angelsand Former Prophets and they offered 2 Raka’ah prayer lead by Prophet (SAWS). Hence,he was declared Imam al Ambia on earth. Then, the journey towards sky/heavens wasstarted.Prophet (SAWS) met with the leader of the Angels, Hazrat Ismail (AS) at the first skywith his staff warmly. He met with Hazrat Adam (AS) there on query, Jibraaiyl (AS) explained that theAngel was known as Mahter Ra’ad who has a duty to start and stop rainfall and snowfall.He saw that some people were busy in agricultural activities, Jibraaiyl (AS) explained thatthey were they people of earth who always earned uprightly in the world and spent theirwealth asper Allah’s Commands. Then he saw that some Angels were stoning the heads of humans;Jibraaiyl (AS) explained that they were the negligent of daily prayers.
Then he saw that humans, male & female had blessings of Allah to eat but they wereeating Dead bodies of prohibited; Jibraaiyl (AS) described that they were those who were
as, then, transported to the 4th sky where he met with Hazrat 
dealt in adultery (Zina), deceiving others, and were in usury.PROPHET MUHAMMAD (SAWS) saw different scenes of the Heaven and Hell where thegrant of blessings and punishments were carried out. Then, he moved towards the 2ndsky where he met with Hazrat Yahya (AS) and Hazrat Issa (AS) and with an angel MahterQasim (AS) who assists Hazrat Mikhail (AS) in distributing food to the creatures of Allah.Here, the leader in charge of the 2nd sky was Hazrat Jibraaiyl (AS).Prophet (SAWS) reached to the 3rd sky and met with the in charge angel Mahter Ma’ayl(AS) and Hazrat Yousuf (AS) who give him an advice of patience to face problems.Prophet (SAWS) wIdrees(AS). He was also introduced with Hazrat Izrael (AS). Prophet (AS) asked him the reasonsof having his 4 faces. Hazrat Izrael (AS) replied that with front face that is made of NUR,he possess the soul of Momineen; with the face of the right side (made of anger);, hepossess the soul of sinners; with the face of the left side (made of Qahr), he possess thesoul of hypocrites; with the face of the back side (made of fire of hell), he possess the soulof disbelievers/unbelievers and Mushrikeen.When he reached to the 5th sky, he met with Mahter Amayl (A.S) who was introducedas the leader in charge of the angels there. He also met with Hazrat Haroon (A.S) who
pes of cups by him; first of Milk, second of Wine; and the
third of Water, Prophet (
gave him some tips of public speeches. Then, he was transported to the 6th sky wherehe was welcomed by the leading in charge angel Mahter Haayl (A.S) and by HazratMussa (A.S). Hazrat Mussa (A.S) advised him to be very careful while accepting anyduty owe to Allah assigned to his Ummah as the Ummah would have weak in physic andin senses’ control (spiritually) and also with a short length of age to live their worldlylives. There, Holy Prophet (SAWS) saw an other Leading Angel on 19,000’s angels’ staffnamed “Mahter Maalik(A.S)”- the In charge of the Hell.Then, he met with another angel Mahter Rizwan (A.S) who was the in charge of theHeavens. He was offered 3 tySAWS) selected the cup of Milk. Hazrat Jibraaiyl (A.S) appreciatedand clarified that because of right choice of cup your Ummah is secured from Aafaat anddestructions (Azaab). After wards, he was transported to the 7th sky till Sidrat-il-Muntaha,Hazrat Jibraaiyl (A.S) requested Prophet (SAWS) to continue the journey on Rafraf but hewould not accompany him as he was not permitted for any single step ahead.From there (Sidrat-il-Muntaha on Rafraf), he was called by Allah, the Almighty on theARSH-E-ULLAA for one to one meeting. THERE both, the Creator and His Best creaturewell conversed for each every secret and common matters. At return, he was gifted withSALAT and unlimited glade tidings. Next morning, he discussed the event with Hazrat Abu
ate to Yasrib. Holy Prophet (SAWS), after assigning
the du
Bakr (RA) who second his statement without any hesitation.Twelve persons of Khazraj (Yasrib) came to Prophet pbuh at Aqaba – Makkahand embraced Islam in 12th year of Prophethood. Seventy Five persons of Khazraj(Yasrib) came to Prophet pbuh at Aqaba – Makkah and embraced Islam in 13 th year ofProphethood.
MIGRATION TO YASRIB: [13th Year of Prophethood] 622 AD
When Quraish redoubled their persecution on Holy Prophet (SAWS) and his followers, headvised his followers to migrate to Yasrib in small groups and families. But he waited forthe permission of Almighty Allah. Meanwhile, pagans plotted a killing plan for the Prophet& his followers which Allah Almighty disclosed before His last messenger in Surah al-Anfal (8:30) and advised him to migrty to Hazrat Ali Radi-Allahu-Anhu to return the valuables of the people of Quraish,migrated to Yasrib with his closest companion Hazrat Abu Bakr Radi-Allahu-Anhu.
BETWEEN MAKKAH AND MADINAH: [13th Year of Prophethood] 622 AD
Hazrat Muhammad (SAWS) accompanied with Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) stayed at Qubaon 8th Rabi ul Awwal of 622 A.D. Quba is situated 3 miles away from Madinah (Yasrib).
This place was also known as quarters of Bani Salem. Hazrat Ali (RA) joined him atthis place and then they laid the foundation of the first Masjid of Islam on earth named
“Masjid-e-Quba”. Holy Prophet (SAWS) led the First Friday’s Congregational Prayer and then left


Quba for Yasrib.

Write an account of the major difficulties encountered by the Holy Prophet (saw) and his followers in the years when they lived in Makka. [10]

When the Prophet invited people to Islam and condemned the worship of idols, the Quraish took it an insult to their religion and the ways of their forefathers. They were not ready to leave their ancestors’ religion and so they turned against the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his followers. They became violent towards the early converts to Islam.

The early converts were treated very harshly by the Quraish and they were very hostile towards them. Hazrat Bilal, an abyssinian slave, was greatly tortured by his master Umaya bin Khalaf. He was dragged with ropes in the streets by children. He was regularly laid on scorching sands under blazing sun and heavy stones were placed on his chest. Hazrat Uthman was wrapped in palm leaves by his pagan uncle and was hung over fire. He was tortured with smoke and heat. Ammar bin Yasir paid heavily for embracing the new faith. His father died of the consecutive tortures and his mother was martyred by Abu Jahl with a spear. Similarly, Khabbab bin Aratt was made to lie on bed of hot coals.

Along with his companions, the Holy Prophet himself was persecuted. Thorny bushes were spread in his way and filth and garbage was thrown at him. Abu Lahab’s wife, Umm Jamil, used to throw the waste of slaughtered goats on the Holy Prophet while he was in worship. She paid the children of Makka for throwing stones at the prophet (saw) and abusing him. Some times the stones hit his face and caused bleeding. The two daughters of the Holy Prophet who were married to the two sons of Abu Lahab were divorced on the provocation of their father and mother. This was a very great shock for the Prophet (PBUH) and his wife, Khadija.

After the death of his second son, the Hazrat Muhammad (saw) was taunted and called “abtar” (man with no male progeny). One day when he was prostrating in the Holy Ka’bah, Uqbah bin Mu’ait on the provocation of Abu jahl threw tripe of a camel, filled with noxious materials, on the Prophat’s head to suffocate him. He remained under the tripe. On hearing this news, his daughter, Fatima (RA), ran out into the Ka’bah and removed the tripe and cleaned his face.

The Quraish prohibited him from entering the Holy Ka’bah for prayers. One day when Muhammad (saw) was at home and the Muslims were praying in the Ka’bah, the Quraish attacked them and wounded several of the Muslims. Hazrat Harith, Khadija’s son (Muhammad’s (saw) step son) was martyred on the spot, who was the first male Muslim martyr.

In the 5^th year of Prophethood when the atrocities of Quraish increased, the Holy Prophet ordered the Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia. A group of fifteen Muslims followed by another group of 79 migrated. The Quraish sent a delegation to Abyssinia and tried to bring them back, but they were not successful.  In the 7^th year of Prophethood, the Quraish made a social and economic boycott with the Banu Hashim tribe and they had to live in the Shib Abi Talib for about three years. This was a very harsh time for the Muslims.

When the Prophet (saw) visited Taif in the hope that they could accept Islam, it was a very bitter experience for him. He was pelted with stones from which he received severe injuries. Later, the pagans took men from different tribes and formed a delegation that made plans to kill the Holy Prophet (saw). The Holy Prophet (saw) was informed about their strategies through revelation. Following the orders of the revelation, he along with Hazrat Abu Bakr migrated to Yasrib and left all their properties behind.

*THREE YEARS OF SECRET MISSION OF THE PROPHET (SAW):-

• Prophet  (SAW) started descending cave of hira in the  al-noor mountain to go home,he found that he was now different mood. He was not a prophet before going to the cave , but now he was related to the source of creation , had communicated with the divine Origin , with the Divine Authority. 
• He was now witnessing what Bahira , the Christian monk , and others had been predicting about him and he well knew that a momentous task had been laid upon his shoulders.
• The prophet conveyed the message to Ali and lady Khadijah who both accepted Islam without any hesitation.
• Khadijah was this the first to embrace the New revelation and thus was the first woman to pray with him.
• She supported the Prophet S.A.W while heartedly and spent all her wealth in the way of Allah. She was married to the Prophet S.A.W and was her only wife during her lifetime.
• She was immensely loyal to the Prophet S.A.W and the Angel Jibrael was ordered by Allah to convey greetings of Allah to her !
• The prophet started inviting individuals to the new revelation but secretly. Ther were very few supporters and believers.
• When the Prophet used to perform congregations prayer,those who were with him were lazy Khadijah and Ali . This low -key approach continued for three years .
• The followers of the new religion start to grow, and so does the concern of the Quraysh towards them. 
• The elders of the quraysh send abu talib ,the uncle of the Prophet ,akimg him to stop his call for the new religion , and in return they would give him whatever he would want.
• “If you want wealth , we will give you as much as you want , if you want women , we will marry you the most beautiful woman of Arabia , and if you want position send status , we will make you the owner-king over us”.
• When abu talib conveyed the message of the elders of quraysh to the Prophet , he replied : “I swear by the Almighty that if they put the Sun in my right hand and the moon in my left hand in condition that I desist from this affair I would not leave it until Allah causes it to prevail or I die in the process”.
• The the Messenger of Allah began to weep and rise and left the house , but abu talib called him and said : “Come back my nephew . Say what you like my nephew for by Allah I will never hand you over to them ever”.
• The quraysh realised that it is dealing with a true and determined prophet . From then on , open hostility towards this new religion , its prophet and its followers started to increase.
• Lady khadijah dedicates all her wealth and resources for the cause of her prophet-husband’s mission.
• The extent of this hostility reaches obvious persecution of the followers of the new religion and its prophet .
• Afterwards , in instructions from the Almighty, the Prophet’s invitation to Islam started to became more and more public.
• The Almighty instructs His messenger to begin with his clan , and warn your nearest kinsmen.
• For this purpose , the prophet prepared a banquet and invited the elders and chiefs of the Banu Hashim , who totalled forty.
• After they were served with a good feast , the Prophet invited them to Islam , called upon them to support him in his mission , and promised them that whosoever does so would be appointed as his successor,but  none took up the offer dismissing the Prophet and his mission nonsense , with the sole exception of Ali
• Ridiculing the whole thing , they turned towards abu talib and said : “Your son will be your commander , you should obey him!”. Nevertheless the mission continues unrelieved although with very few supporters .
• Despite the feverish attempts of the Arab infidels to suppress the call of truth , the young Muslim community began to grow in numbers , as more and more people flocked to the call of Islam .

Pledges of Aqabah

In the tenth year of Prophet’s mission (620 AD), Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) met six people from Yathrib who had come for the annual rites of pilgrimage at ‘Aqaba (near Mina in Makkah). They listened to him earnestly, learnt about Allah (The One God) and His revelations, and immediately recognized him as the prophet mentioned in Jewish scriptures as told by their fellow Jewish citizens. (In times of serious discussions with the Arabs, the Jews of Yathrib used to talk about the coming of a prophet who will lead them to security and dominion in the land.). All six people from Yathrib accepted Islam. They pledged an oath of allegiance to the Prophet and promised to return the next year with more people. Upon their return to Yathrib they described the prophet to the people and soon he became the talk of the town. The following year twelve more men came for the annual rites of pilgrimage and all accepted Islam. The terms of the pledge, known as the First Pledge of ‘Aqaba, included the following:

We shall not associate anyone with Allah (The One God): whether in worship, His attributes, His power or His authority.
We shall not indulge in adultery, fornication, and practice or propagate any other indecency.
We shall not steal or rob anyone’s property in any manner or under any pretense.
We shall not practice the custom of killing children.
We shall not falsely accuse or backbite anyone.
We shall not disobey you in good deeds and just cause.
We shall always follow you, be it hard or easy, to our liking or not, and we shall act according to your commands. We shall follow and obey your decisions even if it be against ourselves and in favor of others.
We shall not participate in opposing the deserving persons of authority or positions.
We shall support the truth and justice and stand firm under all circumstances. In matters of Allah’s religion, we shall not be afraid for our name, disrepute, disgrace, or blame.

After concluding this pledge, the prophet (pbuh) said: “If you fully comply with these promises, you will have the right to paradise; but if you fault, you will not have the right to paradise. Allah may punish you or He may forgive you.”
The new Muslims asked the prophet to send them a Muslim who could teach the Qur’an and Islamic injunctions. The Prophet sent Mus’ab bin ‘Umair (ra), a distinguished companion, for this task. He was the first Meccan Muslim to arrive in Yathrib. Within a few months of his arrival in Yathrib, many people accepted Islam.

The name Yathrib was changed to Medinat-un-Nabawi, meaning the 'City of the Prophet' soon after he migrated there (622 AD). The use of only the first word in that name (i.e., Medinah) became popular later.

Allah: Allah is the Arabic word for The One and Only God, The Creator and Sustainer of the universe. It is used by the Arab Christians and Jews for the God (Eloh-im in Hebrew; 'Allaha' in Aramaic, the mother tongue of Jesus, pbuh). The word Allah does not have a plural or gender.
pbuh: Peace Be Upon Him. This expression is used for all Prophets of Allah.
ra: Radiallahu Anhu (May Allah be pleased with him).

Fixing of Blackstone

Close-up of the Hajar al-Aswad – Photo: makkahmadeenah (Instagram)

The picture above shows the Hajar al-Aswad (The Black Stone), which is set in the eastern corner of the Ka’bah. Tawaf begins and ends facing this sacred stone. Throughout the ages, countless people including many of the Prophets (upon them be peace), the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) himself, the Sahabah (may Allah be pleased with them), pious personalities and millions of Muslims who have performed Hajj and Umrah have placed their blessed lips on it.

• The Hajar al-Aswad was brought from Jannah and presented to Ebrahim (upon him be peace) to be placed on the corner of the Ka’bah. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) said: “The Black Stone came down from Paradise and it was whiter than milk, but the sins of the sons of Adam turned it black.” [Tirmidhi]

• Du’as are accepted at the Hajar al-Aswad and on the Day of Judgement it will testify in favour of all those who kissed it. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) said: “By Allah! On the Day of Qiyamah, Allah will present the Hajar al-Aswad in such a manner that it will have two eyes and a tongue to testify to the Imaan (faith) of all those who kissed it.” [Tirmidhi]

• When the Quraysh demolished the Holy Ka’bah in order to reconstruct it, a dispute arose when the building reached the level of the Black Stone. They differed on the issue of who was eligible to restore the Black Stone to its original place. A civil war was about to break out. Banu Abdu’d-Dar brought a bowl full of blood and all of the tribes inserted their hands in it, which meant that they had made up their minds to fight one another. But Abu Umayya Ibn al-Mugheera , their elder, asked Quraysh to agree on the judgement of the first person to come through the Bani Shaibah gate and they all agreed on this suggestion. The first to come through this gate was the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him). This was five years before his mission. He put the Black Stone in the middle of a piece of cloth, and asked a representative of each tribe to hold one of the edges of the cloth and raise it close to its place. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) picked it up with his own noble hands and restored it to its original place. This was how the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) prevented a war from breaking out among the Quraysh by a supreme demonstration of wisdom.

Detail of the Hajar al-Aswad showing the position of the 8 pieces – Photo: Galamedianews.com

• Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) relates that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him), while leaning against the Ka’bah said:“The Hajar al-Aswad and al-Maqam (Ebrahim) are two jewels from the jewels of Paradise. Had Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) not concealed their radiance, they would illuminate everything between the East and the West.” [Tirmidhi]

• Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) once kissed the Hajar al-Aswad and said, “I know well that you are just a stone that can do neither good nor harm. Had I not seen the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) kiss you, I would not have done so.” Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made the statement because there were many people who were newly converted to Islam and he did not want them to get the impression that Muslims also revered stones as the Arabs revered and worshipped stone idols during the Period of Ignorance. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made it clear that he was following the Sunnah practice of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) and that although the stone is blessed, it can do neither harm nor good.

• The Hajar al-Aswad was stolen from the Ka’bah around 930 CE by Qarmatian warriors who were an Ismaeeli Shia sect. They ransacked Makkah, desecrating the Well of Zamzam with Muslim corpses and carried the Black Stone away to their base in Ihsaa, in medieval Bahrain. According to the historian Al-Juwayni, the stone was returned in around 952 CE and restored to its original location.

• The Hajar al-Aswad was originally a complete stone but due to various historical incidents now consists of eight pieces of varying sizes affixed to a large stone and encased in a silver frame. The silver frame was first made by Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) and replaced by later Khalifas as the need arose.

• Six (additional) pieces are claimed to be in Istanbul, Turkey. One is displayed in the mihrab of the Blue Mosque, one above the entrance of the tomb of Sulaiman the Magnificent and four in the Sokullu Sehit Mehmet Pasa Camii mosque (one over the mihrab, one below the lower pulpit, another is above the upper pulpit and the last is over the entrance door). The authenticity of these additional pieces has been questioned, although the Turks did rule over what is now Saudi Arabia for many years and hold many historical Islamic relics. And Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) knows best.

• Note that when kissing the Hajar al-Aswad, one should neither push people nor harm anyone because while kissing the Hajar al-Aswad is Sunnah, causing harm to people is a forbidden act (haram). When the area is crowded, it will suffice to merely point towards the Hajar al-Aswad with one’s hand or a stick while reciting the Takbeer and then to kiss the hand or stick. Although the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be on him) kissed the Hajar al-Aswad directly, he also pointed towards it when the area was crowded, it is therefore clear that both kissing it and pointing towards it are Sunnah.

LIFE IN MAKKAH

Q: Describe the events from the birth of the Prophet(SAW) from the birth till the 1 revelation ?《10》

Ans:  The prophet was born in Makkah in the year of elephants . Before his birth , his father died so he was an orphan.
        He was having two names as his mother named him Ahmed and his grandfather named him Mohammad .
              It was a custom that whenever a child was born , people from banu saad used to come to makkah and take all of them for upbringing.This was their source of livelihood .Hazrat Haleema tool the responsibility of Mohammad . He took care of him for five years and returned him to his real mother after the event of Shaq-us-Sadar.
                 When the prophet reached the age of 6 years , his mother decided to take her to madinah inorder to visit the grave of Abdullah.They went and the Prophet was left at a relative’s house. When they were returning, Aminah fell seriously ill and breathed her last in Al-Abwa.
           The charge was then given to Hazrat Abdul Muttalib who took care of him for two years. After his demice , the charge was handed over to Hazrat Abu Talib. He took heat care of him and used to love him alot. The Prophet stayed with him for nearly 44 years .
        When the Prophet came to practical life,he got a title of AS SADIQ AND AL AMIN . This was was because of his honesty. He was a shepherd and whatever the number of sheep’s he used to take , he used to return the exact number of sheep’s not even a single hair used to be absent.
            When the Prophet reached the age of 12 years , he decide to take his nephew for a trade journey to sham. They stayed at a Christian Monk ( Bahira) . After some discussion , he declared that he was a Prophet and therefore asked him to take him back for his safety.
           The Prophet also took part in one of the sacrilegious war . His duty were only to gather all the arrows thrown by the enemy and to handover of to his uncle.
         The holy prophet S.A.W also took part in half-ul-fuzul . It was held inorder to produce peace and justice as innocent people were getting robbed .
        Hazrat Khadija was the daughter of Khuwaild who was a famous trader . After his death , the charge of the business was handed over to Khadija. She needed a partner to help her in her business . Maisra,her slave, suggested the name of Mohammad and she appointed him. Due to his honesty , she was inspired by him so she proposed him.
       The proposal was accepted by Abu Talib . At the time of marriage,  Khadija was 40 years old and the Prophet was 25 years . The dowry of 500 darhim was set.
      At the reconstruction of the Kaabah , when the time came to fix the Blackstone, chaos started between everyone. An old Quraish settled the dispute by suggesting that whosoever will enter Kaabah first after the Dajr would have this blessed opportunity . Luckily that person was The Prophet . He settled the dispute by calling all the laeaders of the four tribess to hold the corners of the cloth and when the cloth was raised at perfect position , the Prophet placed the Blackstone with his own hands.
         The first revelation was revealed at the night of Qadr during the last ten days of Ramadan . While the Prophet was meditating , he heard a voice saying : “READ!” .To this the Prophet replied that :”I AM NOT A READER!”. That voice came for the second time : “READ!”. The Prophet replied similarly : “I AM NOT A READER” . On the 3 attempt , Hazrat Jibrael A.S hugged him so tightly that he started exhausting and then Hazrat Jones l recited Surah Alaq and then the Prophet came to know that he was chosen as a Prophet . To console him,Hazrat Khadijah took him to her cousin Waraqa bin Naufil who declared that he was a Prophet and the greatest in status of all.

Qb:Explain the significance of Hazrat Khadijah R.A ? (4)

Ans: “ When none believed me , Khadijah did. She made me a partner in her wealth”
       These are the words of the Prophet for her wife . Hazrat khadijah was the first to accept Islam and became a first Muslim . Her conversion helped greatly in the spread of Islam . Get wealth was used for the spread of Islam . She stood by the Prophet at all times. In times of trial and difficulty , the Prophet used to come to get and she used to comfort him and encourage him and used to give hope to him. The Quraysh did all they could do to stop the Prophet from preaching Islam . She faced ebormus strain during the social boycott. She breathed her last in the tenth year of Prophethood at the age of 65.
           Due to her significance , the Prophet called that year “ the year of grief” .